Zodiac signs
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The twelve 30° divisions of the ecliptic, with element, ruler, dates, body region, traditional angel and traditional tribe.
Where the twelve come from
The twelve-sign scheme is Mesopotamian. The MUL.APIN cuneiform catalogues of about 1000 BC list an eighteen-constellation “path of the Moon”, which Babylonian astronomers compressed into twelve equal 30° divisions around the fifth century BC. Everything in the Western tradition descends from that compression, by way of Egyptian decans and Hellenistic synthesis at Alexandria.
The Chinese twelve-animal cycle is not related. It runs year by year rather than month by month and arises independently — convergent use of the number twelve, not shared descent.
The four fixed signs and the living creatures
Ezekiel’s four-faced beings (Ezek 1:10) and the four living creatures at the throne (Rev 4:7) — lion, ox, man, eagle — correspond in a long-held traditional reading to the four fixed signs: Leo, Taurus, Aquarius and Scorpio. This is the strongest zodiacal correspondence anyone draws from scripture, and it is a reading, not a statement the text makes about itself.