Mythic Old Babylonian, c. 1700 BC

Creation of humanity and the Flood in one narrative. The Igigi gods rebel at endless labour, so Enki and the mother-goddess Mami make humans from clay mixed with the blood of a slain god to carry it instead. Humanity multiplies and grows noisy; Enlil answers with plague, then famine, then flood. Enki warns Atrahasis (“exceedingly wise”), who builds a boat.

The oldest surviving full account of the Mesopotamian flood, predating the version in Gilgamesh XI. One principal copy is signed by the scribe Ku-Aya and dated to the reign of Ammi-saduqa — a named copyist with a datable reign, which is unusually good provenance for material this old.

Standing: Frames its subject as divine or primordial rather than annalistic.